ePO 108 – Using green spaces alone does not promote the mental health of the elderly. But shared green spaces do!
Susana Pedras1, Ana Medeiros2, Cláudia Fernandes2, Rute Rocha1, Joana Oliveira1, Sofia Marques Ramalho1
1 Centro de Psicologia para o Desenvolvimento (CIPD), Universidade Lusíada, Porto, 2 Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Faculdade Ciências Universidade do Porto
Viewing green spaces from windows, spending time in them, and proximity to such areas may not be as influential on psychological health as commonly assumed. However, the types of activities older adults engage in within green spaces, particularly when done in the company of others, have a more significant impact on psychological well-being. 2468 elderly people participated in this study cross-sectional study, 57% women with an average age of 74 years (SD=6.1). Psychological well-being (PWB) is associated with fewer symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as reduced feelings of loneliness. Older adults who walked alone in green spaces reported lower PWB and increased loneliness. In contrast, those who walked with others experienced fewer symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress, felt less lonely, and reported higher well-being. Activities such as walking a pet, sitting and observing others, and enjoying green spaces are associated with greater psychological well-being, particularly when performed in the company of others.
No significant differences in psychological variables were found based on engagement in physical activity. However, older adults who played games (e.g., sueca or checkers) with others in green spaces reported greater PWB. Limited access to green spaces, due to barriers such as stairs, slopes, or damaged and uneven surfaces, was associated with increased symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, and loneliness.
In this sample of older Portuguese adults, solitary contemplation or appreciation of green spaces did not significantly affect well-being. Engagement in meaningful activities, particularly those involving social interaction, was essential. These findings highlight the importance of social connection, engagement, and purpose in activities conducted in green spaces. Urban planners and health managers should consider not only the physical accessibility of green spaces but also how these spaces are used.